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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people use medication to manage anxiety, but they aren't the only option. Exercise and psychotherapy are effective treatments too. Certain antidepressants can treat anxiety as well, such as SSRIs, like citalopram (Celexa) and the escitalopram (Lexapro) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Other medications, such as histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) may also offer relief. Antidepressants If you've been diagnosed with depression, your doctor may prescribe medication as part of your treatment plan. Antidepressants, one of the most commonly prescribed drugs are available in a variety of kinds. The type of antidepressant your provider prescribes will depend on your symptoms, other medical conditions, and the goals of your treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. These drugs work by altering the way that your brain's nerve cells communicate. They accomplish this by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, which improves mood and anxiety. Antidepressants can take several weeks to yield results, so be patient and adhere to your treatment. Benzodiazepines are another option your doctor might use to treat depression and anxiety. They are extremely fast-acting drugs and can be used as a short-term solution to ease the immediate symptoms of depression and anxiety. The Benzodiazepines include lorazepam, alprazolam and others. They block the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are hormones that play a role in the fight or flight response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are an antidepressant of a different type that can be effective in treating anxiety and depression. They are usually prescribed to patients who haven't responded to other antidepressants. They also require changes in diet in order to avoid hypertensive effects caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking an antidepressant prescription be sure to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking, including supplements and vitamins. You may need to lower the dosage if other medications interfere with how antidepressants work or if they cause side effects. Seek help immediately if you have thoughts of suicide. You may have different signs of anxiety and depression, or you could have a combination of depression and anxiety. People who have comorbid anxiety and depression are more likely to have a negative medical prognosis as compared to those who only have one disorder. Certain psychiatric drugs have been found to be particularly helpful in treating both disorders in people with a comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines Anxiety symptoms can be alleviated by benzodiazepines. They include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These medications act on the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors which are protein molecules comprised of five transmembrane components that create a benzyl-chloride channel in the middle. The benzodiazepine-receptors also possess one that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter, Gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). disorders anxiety decrease nerve activity by increasing GABA-A levels. The Benzodiazepines are famous for their rapid onset, but also high risks of dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics and antidepressants as well as anticonvulsants and buspirone, have a slower onset of action, however they are still better for long-term use because they do not produce dependence or tolerance. Depression is frequently found to be comorbid with anxiety disorders, and antidepressants are able to aid in reducing the symptoms of depression that are a result of anxiety. Many people suffering from depression experience an overlapping of depressive and anxious symptoms. They'll have to mix medication and talk therapy to manage their symptoms. In these cases benzodiazepines are often employed for a brief period to control depression or anxiety symptoms while other medications take effect. Typically, these medications are only prescribed for just a few weeks at a time and are not prescribed daily. These medicines should not be used for long periods of time because they can trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as shaking or trouble sleeping. If you are considering taking benzodiazepines, tell your doctor about any prior dependence or substance abuse issues as well as any other mental health issues you suffer from. Your doctor will be able to discuss potential side effects and recommend other treatments for depression, if needed. Benzodiazepines can create serious and even life-threatening problems if you take too much or haven't previously used them. If you are nursing, pregnant or have an underlying liver disease or respiratory or digestive disorders your doctor may suggest lower doses or restrict the duration of your treatment with these drugs. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the risk of side effects and dependence, therefore you should not drink alcohol while taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a drug that can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. They are a form of medication that is different from benzodiazepines like Xanax and are effective by blocking the receptors that adrenaline binds. They also slow down the activity of the nervous system and brain. They can be used as an alternative to benzodiazepines, which are more addictive and have a higher dependency risk. Beta blockers are often prescribed for heart conditions and may be beneficial in treating anxiety because they lower blood pressure and slow down the heart rate. However, they are not specifically FDA-approved for the treatment of anxiety disorder. These drugs are used “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are an excellent alternative if other antianxiety drugs do not work or cause unacceptable side consequences. They are especially effective in situations of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where uncomfortable symptoms can manifest in situations that cause anxiety. They can be used in conjunction with other treatment modalities like CBT and SSRIs. They are especially effective as an additional therapy for people suffering from GAD, which is characterized by constant and persistent anxiety that affects daily activities. They can also assist in managing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing pulse or increased sweating. Beta-blockers can help ease physical symptoms of anxiety but they do not address the underlying psychological issues which contribute to the condition. They can be used to complement other treatments, such as SSRIs or benzodiazepines. Before you begin taking beta-blockers it is important to discuss with your doctor your medical history and other health issues. These medications are associated with reduced psychiatric admissions and suicidal behavior, however the outcomes can differ based on the specific psychiatric diagnoses and the psychiatric history of the past. In addition, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. There are some natural products that have beta-blocker properties, however they aren't as effective as prescription medications. They include antioxidants, garlic Saffron and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't entirely comprehended. Certain of these supplements can cause serious adverse side adverse effects, therefore it is best to consult a physician before taking these supplements. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) work by changing the way your brain functions. They interfere with the monoamine oxide enzyme, which breaks down chemicals such as serotonin, norepinephrine and other chemicals that help brain cells to communicate with each other. By blocking monoamine oxidase, MAOIs help to keep more chemical messengers in your brain, which boosts your mood by enhancing brain cell communication. These medications are also effective in treating anxiety disorders, especially anxiety-related disorders such as agoraphobia, mixed depression and anxiety. They are not as effective for pure anxiety, and they may not be helpful in a panic attack. The effectiveness of MAOIs is connected to the fact that they boost levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters are naturally produced by the body, are released into the bloodstream, where they are absorbed by nerve cells and function as messengers. Iproniazid was the very first antidepressant to be discovered in 1950. It inhibited monoamine oxidease. This led to other MAOIs like tranylcypromine isocarboxazid and fluoxetine, which are widely used to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they can cause interactions with food and drugs, and may cause serious withdrawal syndrome if stopped abruptly, MAOIs are typically only utilized for patients who fail to respond to other treatments. A newer type of MAOI, dubbed a selective and irreversible MAO-A inhibitor, is being studied for use in treatment resistant depression. It is not recommended for use in bipolar disorder as it can cause manic symptoms. Another newer MAOI, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being investigated to treat Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidese but does not affect other enzymes which breakdown levodopa, which is the main treatment for Parkinson’s. These drugs can be used either alone or in combination with other antidepressants. In certain patients, the MAOIs could trigger a reaction that causes hyper-reflexia and neuromuscular excitability. This can manifest as muscle twitching, eyelid twitching, as well as other symptoms. These reactions are more common when these medications are used along with certain foods such as aged cheeses or preserved meats.